SOLAR SYSTEM:

What do you mean by solar system?

The solar system was formed about 4,600 million years ago. It is located in the orion arm of the milky way galax, around two-thirds away from the Central bulge, about 27,000 light-years from the centre of the galaxy. It takes the solar system about 220 million years to orbit the galaxy once. 

The solar planets can be divided into an inner system of four small, solid planets made up of mostly of hydrogen, helium, frozen water, ammonia, methane, and carbon monoxide. Pluto does not belong to any group but is a tiny rocky body at the edge of the solar system. Some  people think it is a giant comet rather than a planet. It's composition is similar to a comet ( ice and rock) but it's orbit is different from the other comets and planets. Between these two planetary system is belt of asteroids containing pieces of rock of varying size. 

Solar system consists of:

Sun:-

Mercury:-

Venus:-

Earth:-

Mars:-

Jupiter:-

Saturn:-

Uranus:-

Neptune:-

Dwarf planets and plutoids:

Pluto, which was considered to be a planet since it's discovery in 1930, was reclassified  as a 'dwarf planet' on 24 August 2006 by the international astronomical union.

According to the IAU, a dwarf planet fulfills the following criteria:

* It is in orbit around the sun.

* It has sufficient mass for it's self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape.

* It has not cleared the neighborhood around it's orbit.

* It is not a satellite of a planet, or other non-stellar body.

Sun:-

The sun is a giant ball of hot gas, 150 million kilometres from the Earth. The surface of this burning ball of gas is 5500°C, with the core reaching an unimaginable 15.6 million°C. The sun is so large that you could fit over one million Earths inside it. The sun's internal structure includes the core, radiation zone, convection zone, and photosphere.

The turbulence in the photosphere is visible from the Earth in the form of sunspots, solar flares, prominence and small patches of gas called granules. The sun consumes four million tonnes of hydrogen every second. Even so, it is so vast that our star has enough fuel to keep it shining for another five billion years.

Facts about the Moon

*The only natural satellite of the planet earth.

* Distance from earth- 384,400km.

* Diameter- 3,476km

* Mass - 0.0123 of the Earth's.

* Surface gravity- 0.165 of the Earth's

* Time'taken to order earth (interval between one full moon and the next) - 29.53 days or 709 hours.

* Surface temperature- 120°C maximum to -163°C at night.