What is Dna fingerprinting ?
DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a forensic technique used to identify individuals by analyzing their DNA. It involves analyzing certain regions of an individual's DNA that are unique to them, and comparing those regions to other samples to determine if they match.
The process of DNA fingerprinting involves several steps. First, a sample of DNA is collected from the individual, usually through a blood or saliva sample. Then, the DNA is isolated and amplified using a technique called polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which creates many copies of the DNA.
Next, specific regions of the DNA, called short tandem repeats (STRs), are analyzed. These regions contain repeating sequences of DNA that vary in length from person to person. The length of these sequences is determined by using gel electrophoresis, which separates the DNA fragments based on their size. The resulting pattern of DNA fragments is called a DNA fingerprint.
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